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-in hilbert os, a "socket" is a two-way byte-wise communication construct. each
-socket has two ends, which can be either open or closed. each process has a
-number of handles to sockets. sockets can be created in one of two ways: either
-creating a private socket or connecting to a socket listener.
-
-private sockets:
- a private socket is created with the "create private socket" system call. the
- process creating the socket gets both ends of the socket.
-
-socket listeners:
- a socket listener is created with the "create socket listener" system call.
- an id string is passed to that system call and remains associated with the
- listener throughout its lifetime. only one socket listener may have a given
- id at once. while a socket listener exists, the owner of the listener can
- call the "accept socket connection" system call, and any process can call the
- "connect to socket" system call with that id passed. each of these system
- calls blocks until the other occurs, at which point a socket is created with
- the two process as its endpoints, and then both system calls return. the
- listener remains alive after the socket is created, and can be used to create
- more sockets until stopped with the "stop socket listener" system call.
-
-when a process is created, an end of a socket can be "gifted" to that process.
-when that happens, the end remains open, and is now accessible by the giftee
-and not by the gifter.
-
-when either end of a socket is closed, the other end of the socket remains
-valid, and can be read from until empty. when both ends of a socket are closed,
-the socket disappears.